
Stroke Recovery
Strokes are a highly prevalent condition that are the leading cause of chronic disability, the second leading cause of dementia, and a leading cause of death in New Zealand.
Strokes occur when blood flow to a specific area of the brain is interrupted, or when a blood vessel bursts and causes bleeding in the brain.
Lack of blood flow and/or brain bleeding results in brain cell death and damage, which can lead to cognitive impairments, motor issues, headaches, and vision problems.
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) has been shown to be effective in the late chronic stage of strokes by multiple studies.
After receiving 40-60 HBOT treatments, one study found that 86% of the patients experienced clinically significant improvements in all cognitive domains.
This included memory, executive function, attention, information processing speed, and motor skills.
Additional studies report similar findings of improved ADLs (activities of daily living), brain metabolism, and quality of life.
Brain scans showed that the damaged locations of the brain were significantly healed and reactivated in more than half of the patients.
HBOT improves stroke symptoms by healing brain cells that were initially damaged by the stroke as well as stimulating the growth of new brain cells.
George, Mary G. “CDC Grand Rounds: Public Health Strategies to Prevent and Treat Strokes.” MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 66 (2017). https://doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6618a5.
“Stroke: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Treatment.” Medical News Today. Accessed June 26, 2019. https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/7624.php.
Hadanny, Amir, et al. “Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy Improves Neurocognitive Functions of Post-Stroke Patients – a Retrospective Analysis.” Restorative Neurology and Neuroscience, vol. 38, no. 1, IOS Press, Jan. 2020, pp. 93–107. content.iospress.com, doi:10.3233/RNN-190959.
Boussi-Gross, Rahav, et al. “Improvement of Memory Impairments in Poststroke Patients by Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy.” Neuropsychology, vol. 29, no. 4, July 2015, pp. 610–21. PubMed, doi:10.1037/neu0000149.
Efrati, Shai, Gregori Fishlev, Yair Bechor, Olga Volkov, Jacob Bergan, Kostantin Kliakhandler, Izhak Kamiager, et al. “Hyperbaric Oxygen Induces Late Neuroplasticity in Post Stroke Patients – Randomized, Prospective Trial.” PLOS ONE 8, no. 1 (January 15, 2013): e53716. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0053716.
Zhang, John H., Takkin Lo, George Mychaskiw, and Austin Colohan. “Mechanisms of Hyperbaric Oxygen and Neuroprotection in Stroke.” Pathophysiology 12, no. 1 (July 1, 2005): 63–77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pathophys.2005.01.003.
Rosario ER, Kaplan SE, Khonsari S, et al. The effect of hyperbaric oxygen therapy on functional impairments caused by ischemic stroke. Neurol Res Int. 2018;2018:3172679. Published 2018 Oct 9. doi:10.1155/2018/3172679
Ostrowski RP, Stępień K, Pucko E, Matyja E. The efficacy of hyperbaric oxygen in hemorrhagic stroke: experimental and clinical implications. Arch Med Sci. 2017;13(5):1217–1223. doi:10.5114/aoms.2017.65081
Efrati, G. Fishlev, Y. Bechor, et al. Hyperbaric oxygen induces late neuroplasticity in post stroke patients–randomized, prospective trial. PLoS One, 8 (1) (2013)
Liska GM, Lippert T, Russo E, et al. A dual role for hyperbaric oxygen in stroke neuroprotection: preconditioning of the brain and stem cells. Cond Med. 2018;1(4):151–166.
Hadanny A, Efrati S. Oxygen–a limiting factor for brain recovery. Crit Care. 2015;19(1):307. Published 2015 Sep 1. doi:10.1186/s13054-015-1034-2
Hadanny A, Golan H, Fishlev G, et al. Hyperbaric oxygen can induce neuroplasticity and improve cognitive functions of patients suffering from anoxic brain damage. Restor Neurol Neurosci. ;33(4):471–486. doi:10.3233/RNN-150517
Improvement of Memory Impairments in Post stroke Patients by Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy. Boussi-Gross, R., H. Golan, O. Volkov, Y. Bechor, D. Hoofien, M. S. Beeri, E. Ben-Jacob, and S. Efrati. Neuropsychology 29, no. 4 (Jul 2015): 610-21.
The Effect of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy on Functional Impairments Caused by Ischemic Stroke Rosario, E. R., S. E. Kaplan, S. Khonsari, G. Vazquez, N. Solanki, M. Lane, H. Brownell, and S. S. Rosenberg. Neurol Res Int 2018 (2018): 3172679.
Ischaemia-Reperfusion Injury and Hyperbaric Oxygen Pathways: A Review of Cellular Mechanisms. Francis, A. and R. Baynosa. Diving Hyperb Med 47, no. 2 (Jun 2017): 110-17.
Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy in the Treatment of Acute Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: A Systematic Review Samuel Daly, Maxwell Thorpe, Sarah Rockswold, Molly Hubbard, Thomas Bergman, Uzma Samadani, and Gaylan Rockswold. J Neurotrauma 35, no. 4: 623-29. Feb 15, 2018